The U.S. Justice Department has appealed a federal judge’s ruling that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) did not follow proper procedures when it created the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program in 2012.

Key Points:

  • The case, Texas v. United States, will now be heard by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals.
  • In July, U.S. District Court Judge Andrew Hanen ruled that DHS violated the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) by creating and operating DACA. Judge Hanen stayed the ruling as it relates to current DACA recipients.
  • Following the ruling, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services confirmed that:
    • Current DACA recipients remain eligible for renewal of DACA relief, employment authorization and advance parole.
    • USCIS will not approve new or pending initial DACA applications; foreign nationals can continue to submit initial applications for possible future adjudication but USCIS cannot take action on them.
  • President Joe Biden had previously indicated the department would appeal the ruling, calling it “deeply disappointing.” In addition, a proposed DHS regulation to “preserve and fortify” DACA is under final White House review.

BAL Analysis: While the July ruling prevents DHS from approving any new first-time DACA grants, current DACA recipients remain able to file renewal requests and for employment authorization at this time. BAL continues to follow developments related to DACA, including in the courts and the regulatory process. For more information, please visit BAL’s DACA Resource Center here.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia has ordered the U.S. State Department to make good-faith efforts to process Diversity Visa (DV) applications by Sept. 30.

Key Points:

  • The State Department said it would prioritize and adjudicate as many additional DV-2021 cases as possible by Sept. 30.
  • DV cases will continue to be processed in rank order as required by law, and applicants must:
    • Be documentarily qualified.
    • Have paid all requisite application fees.
    • Be able to obtain the required medical exam by a panel physician.
    • Demonstrate that they are eligible for a visa before visa issuance.
  • If a consular section has the capacity to schedule a DV-2021 case, individuals will receive a notification by email to check the Entrant Status Check site.

Background: On Sept. 9, the U.S. District Court ruled that the Department could not prohibit staff from processing, reviewing or adjudicating 2021 DV applications based on the Nov. 2020 prioritization guidance. However, the court clarified that the November 2020 prioritization guidance “does not prevent any embassy personnel, consular officer, or administrative processing center from prioritizing the processing, adjudication, or issuance of visas based on resource constraints, limitations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, or country conditions.” More information on how the Department generally prioritizes immigrant visa applications can be found here.

BAL Analysis: BAL will continue to monitor Diversity Visa updates and will provide important updates as information becomes available.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

The U.S. State Department has asked the public for information on how it can reduce barriers to immigration benefits, specifically in relation to immigrant visas.

Key Points:

  • The State Department published a Request for Public Input today, soliciting comments on (1) any existing barriers that impede access to, and fair, efficient adjudication of, immigrant visas; and (2) recommendations on actions the Department could take to improve access to adjudication of immigrant visas.
  • The request for input is part of the State Department’s implementation of President Joe Biden’s Feb. 2 executive order “Restoring Faith in Our Legal Immigration Systems and Strengthening Integration and Inclusion Efforts for New Americans.”

Additional Information: Written comments must be received on or before Oct. 18. Comments can be submitted online via www.regulations.gov or by email. More information is available here. BAL will continue following the administration’s implementation of the Feb. 2 executive order and will provide updates as information becomes available.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

A federal judge on Wednesday set aside a regulation that would have replaced the current H-1B lottery with a system prioritizing individuals with the highest offered salaries.

Key Points:

  • District Judge Jeffrey White ruled that Chad Wolf was not lawfully serving as Acting Secretary of Homeland Security when the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) issued the final H-1B lottery prioritization rule in early January, toward the end of the Trump administration.
  • Judge White vacated the rule and remanded the matter DHS.
  • Judge White indicated last week that he was “tentatively inclined” to vacate the rule, and noted in his ruling this week that the current Secretary of Homeland Security, Alejandro Mayorkas, had not ratified the rule.
  • The lottery prioritization rule had been scheduled to take effect Dec. 31, in time for the FY23 H-1B cap season.

Background: In December 2020, as part of this same lawsuit, Judge White set aside the Department of Labor’s prevailing wage regulation and the DHS “H-1B strengthening” rule. In April, the court allowed the plaintiffs to add a challenge to the H-1B lottery prioritization rule to the case. In June, the court vacated the updated version of the DOL wage rule and allowed the claims related to the lottery rule to continue. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce, National Association of Manufacturers, Presidents’ Alliance on Higher Education and Immigration and other plaintiffs filed a brief in August arguing that the rule was “unlawful three times over,” including because Acting Secretary Wolf was not lawfully appointed.

BAL Analysis: The H-1B lottery prioritization rule would have had a dramatic effect on the allocation of H-1B visas, and this ruling makes it unlikely that U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) will be able to implement the new process for the FY23 H-1B cap season. At this time, current rules are expected to remain in place, under which USCIS will select registrations through a random lottery as it has in the past. The government has not yet indicated whether it will appeal the ruling. We cannot rule out that the Biden administration could pursue a new regulation to implement a wage-based H-1B allocation process, but this is unlikely to happen before the upcoming cap season.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

The U.S. State Department recently expanded a policy that grants consular officers greater leeway to waive in-person interviews for F, M and academic J visa applicants.

Key Points:

  • Until Dec. 31, 2021, consular officers will have the authority to waive visa interviews for students, professors, research scholars, short-term scholars or specialists (F, M and academic J visa applicants).
  • To be eligible to receive the interview waiver, F, M, and academic J visa applicants must:
    • Have previously been issued any visa type (B, F, etc.); never been refused a visa unless the refusal was overcome or waived; and have no apparent or potential ineligibility; or
    • Be a first-time F, M or academic J visa applicants who is a citizen or national of a Visa Waiver Program (VWP) country and have no apparent or potential ineligibility.
  • Waivers will be granted at the discretion of consular officers, meaning some visa applicants who meet either of the above criteria may be required to complete an interview.
  • The State Department encouraged applicants to review the websites of the nearest U.S. embassy or consulate for up-to-date information on what services are available and for instructions, if applicable, on how to apply for a visa without doing an interview.

Additional Information: Details regarding country eligibility through the VWP and further procedures can be found on country-specific embassy or consulate websites. Applicants from non-VWP countries whose previous visas were issued when they were under the age of 14 may be required to submit biometric fingerprints but may receive an interview waiver.

BAL Analysis:  While the expansion of the interview waiver benefits some applicants, the impact may be limited both because consular officers retain discretion to require an interview and because of limited visa services due to the COVID-19 pandemic. BAL continues to monitor the administration’s response to the pandemic and will provide updates as information becomes available.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

The State Department released the October Visa Bulletin Monday, and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) announced it would use the Dates for Filing chart for most employment-based filings. The switch from Final Action Dates to Dates for Filing means that priority-date cutoffs will advance in key employment-based categories for filing in October.

Key movements in October: 

EB-1

  • All countries under EB-1 will remain current.

EB-2

  • China EB-2 will advance to Sept. 1, 2018, for filing.
  • India EB-2 will advance to July 8, 2012, for filing.
  • All other countries under EB-2 will remain current.

EB-3

  • China EB-3 will advance to Jan. 15, 2019, for filing.
  • India EB-3 will advance to Jan. 8, 2014, for filing.
  • All other countries under EB-3 will remain current.

Dates for Filing for Employment-Based Preference Cases:

Preference All Other Countries China El Salvador Guatemala Honduras India Mexico Philippines Vietnam
EB-1 Current Current Current Current Current Current Current
EB-2 Current Sept. 1, 2018 Current July 8, 2012 Current Current Current
EB-3 Current Jan. 15, 2019 Current Jan. 8, 2014 Current Current Current

Additional Information: The Visa Bulletin stated that in the coming months all countries under EB-1 are expected to remain current. China EB-2 and India EB-2 could see movement of “up to several months,” while EB-2 worldwide is expected to remain current. The Visa Bulletin also said that China EB-3 and India EB-3 could see retrogression as soon as November and that final action dates could be imposed as soon as November for countries under EB-3 that are now current.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

European countries are re-imposing travel restrictions on U.S. residents following the European Council’s decision to remove the U.S. from its “green list” at the end of August.

The countries that have implemented restrictions again include:

  • Bulgaria. Officials designated the U.S. as a red-zone country as of Sept. 1. Travelers from the U.S., regardless of their citizenship, are banned from entering the country unless they meet an exception found here.
  • Denmark. Officials moved the U.S. to the orange list on Sept. 6. Unvaccinated U.S. travelers are banned from entering the country; fully vaccinated U.S. travelers may still enter the country it they have a worthy purpose of travel.
  • France. The French government moved the U.S. to the amber list on Sept. 9. U.S. travelers who are not vaccinated must give a compelling reason to be able to enter France. No restrictions apply to fully vaccinated U.S. travelers. Additional entry requirements and heath measures can be found here.
  • Germany. Travelers who are coming from or have been in the U.S. within 10 days of entering Germany must be fully vaccinated or demonstrate an important reason for entering the country. More information can be found here.
  • Italy. Individuals traveling from or who have been in the U.S. within 14 days of intended arrival must present a PCR or rapid test that was taken within 72 hours of arrival, regardless of vaccination status. Travelers must complete the digital passenger locator form before entering the country. Those who cannot show proof of vaccination or recovery from a past COVID-19 infection will be required to isolate for five days and will then be subject to another test. Additional entry requirement and information can be found here.
  • Netherlands. Officials designated the U.S. as a “very high risk area” on Sept. 4. Only U.S. travelers who are fully vaccinated or fall under an exemption category will be allowed to enter the country. More information regarding entry requirements can be found here.
  • Spain. As of Sept. 6, U.S. travelers are subject to the general travel restrictions for non-essential travelers from third countries to EU and Schengen Area. Non-vaccinated U.S. travelers are banned from entering the country until further notice. A full list of travel restriction exemptions can be found here.
  • Sweden. Officials removed the U.S. from its safe-countries list on Sept. 6. U.S. travelers may no longer enter the country for non-essential reasons, regardless of vaccination status. More information on Swedish travel restrictions from the U.S. can be found here.

Additional Information: Recent changes in restrictions make travel from the U.S. to many European countries more difficult. Travelers are reminded that the U.S. continues to bar entry and re-entry to many foreign nationals who have been physically present in the Schengen Area, Ireland or the United Kingdom in the past 14 days. The bans will remain in place until they are lifted or modified by President Joe Biden. U.S. consulates continue to operate at reduced capacity, and applicants for visas and exemptions from the COVID-19 travel restrictions should expect delays. The U.S. government also requires proof of a negative COVID-19 test from all international air travelers, including U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents. Foreign nationals should continue to consult their BAL professional before planning international travel.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global practice. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

H-1B denial rates dropped dramatically in the first two quarters of the 2021 fiscal year, according to an analysis of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) data by the National Foundation for American Policy (NFAP).

For new employment H-1B petitions, the NFAP analysis shows a denial rate of 7.1% in the first two quarters of FY 2021 (October 2020 through March 2021), compared to a denial rate of 28.6% in the first two quarters of the previous fiscal year.

New Employment H-1B Denial Rate
Fiscal Year Approvals Denials Denial Rate
2021 (Q1 and Q2) 39,501 3,040 7.1%
2020 (Q1 and Q2) 38,150 15,341 28.6%

Overall, denial rates have dropped significantly since peaking under former President Donald Trump in FY 2018 and 2019, according to the NFAP.

Fiscal Year New Employment H-1B Denial Rate
2021 (Q1 and Q2) 7%
2020 13%
2019 21%
2018 24%
2017 13%
2016 10%
2015 6%

The lower denial rate is at least in part due to legal challenges that forced USCIS to issue new guidance on the adjudication of H-1B visas in June 2020.

A federal court also set aside an “H-1B strengthening” rule before it took effect last year; the rule would have tightened the H-1B definitions of “specialty occupation” and “employer-employee relationship” and required more evidence for third-party placement of H-1B workers at client sites.

The NFAP said that while H-1B denial rates “appear to have returned to more traditional levels” the increase in the denial rate during the Trump administration “imposed significant costs on employers, visa holders and the economy, likely contributing to more work and talent moving to other countries.”

The full NFAP analysis is available here.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries, please contact copyright@bal.com.

The Labor Department has posted updated processing times for permanent labor certification (PERM) applications and prevailing wage determination (PWD) requests.

PERM Processing: As of Aug. 31, the department was adjudicating applications filed in April and earlier, conducting audit reviews on applications filed in October and earlier, and reviewing appeals for reconsideration filed in April and earlier.

Average PERM processing times:

  • Adjudication – 156 days.
  • Audit review – 334 days.

PWD Processing: As of Aug. 31, the National Prevailing Wage Center was processing PWD requests filed in March and earlier for H-1B cases and February and earlier for PERM cases, according to the Labor Department. Redeterminations were being considered on appeals filed August and earlier for H-1B cases and July and earlier for PERM cases. Center director reviews were being conducted for PERM cases filed in July and earlier.

Average times for issuance of PWDs:

  • H-1B – 152 days (OES), 177 days (non-OES).
  • PERM – 152 days (OES), 204 days (non-OES).

BAL Analysis: BAL’s internal case tracking is mostly consistent with Labor Department’s published processing times. BAL is seeing approvals for PERM applications filed in April and earlier and is starting to see PWDs for requests filed in March and earlier for H-1B cases and February and earlier for PERM cases. Some PWD requests are taking notably longer than the Labor Department’s posted average times, however, particularly for non-OES requests.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) announced today that it would extend Form I-9 flexible procedures for employers operating remotely due to COVID-19.

Key Points:

  • ICE extended the temporary measures until Dec. 31, 2021. The guidance had been scheduled to expire today.
  • Since March 2020, the guidance has allowed employers that are operating remotely due to COVID-19 to conduct verification of employee documents virtually, e.g., by using fax, email or video link, for the purpose of Form I-9 employment eligibility verification procedures.
  • Employers that follow the virtual procedures must comply with certain guidelines when “normal operations” resume, including conducting physical inspection of documents that were viewed remotely within three business days.
  • Officials will continue to apply the guidance previously issued for employees hired on or after April 1, 2021, who work exclusively in a remote setting due to COVID-19-related precautions. The guidance exempts these employees from physical inspection requirements until they undertake non-remote employment on a “regular, consistent, or predictable basis” or until the extension of I-9 flexibilities ends, whichever is earlier.
  • Employers should consult the original March 2020 ICE guidance for eligibility requirements and information on how to obtain, remotely inspect and retain copies of identity and employment eligibility documents. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has also provided guidance on how to properly complete and annotate the Form I-9.
  • Employers are required to monitor the DHS and ICE websites for additional updates regarding when the extensions will be terminated, and normal operations will resume.

Background: ICE introduced the temporary measures in March 2020 and has extended them numerous times since then.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.