The following is a roundup of recent developments concerning Brexit negotiations and the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union.

Political

  • Prime Minister Theresa May’s newly formed cabinet includes a Brexit department headed by David Davis, a prominent Brexiter who will serve as Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union.
  • Labour Party leadership will be decided in September in a contest between current leader Jeremy Corbyn and challenger Owen Smith. Smith has called for a second referendum allowing voters to approve a UK-EU Brexit deal.
  • On the international stage, May met with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, French President Franҫois Hollande, and EU Council President Donald Tusk. May said that the U.K. seeks a “sensible” and “orderly” exit, and that the U.K. will decline its rotating turn as president of the EU Council previously scheduled for 2017. Hollande said the U.K. should begin exit negotiations “the sooner, the better” for the respective economies.
  • A special session of the British-Irish Council was convened to discuss implications of the Brexit vote and the participation of the devolved administrations of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales in Brexit negotiations. Read the Council’s communiqué here.

Immigration

  • The European Union is reportedly considering giving the U.K. a seven-year exemption from free-migration rules while allowing continued access to the single market, according to an article in the Observer citing unnamed senior U.K. officials.
  • The new Home Secretary Amber Rudd, who supported the Remain campaign, has said she will seek to reduce migration to “sustainable levels.” Among other policies, Rudd will decide whether to adopt a points-based immigration system for EU nationals seeking to work in the U.K., a system the U.K. currently uses for non-EU nationals.

Legal

  • A trial concerning the Brexit vote will be heard in October. The legal challenges, brought by several law firms on behalf of British citizens, claim that the referendum was merely advisory and that exit procedures cannot be triggered without Parliamentary assent. The government asserts that the prime minister has authority under executive powers to begin exit procedures. Article 50 of the Treaty of Lisbon, which controls EU withdrawal procedures, states that a member state “may decide to withdraw from the Union in accordance with its own constitutional requirements.”
  • May has stated that she will not trigger exit procedures before the end of the year. Under Article 50, a member country triggers withdrawal procedures by notifying the EU of its intent to withdraw.

Things to Know

  • A survey by the Institute of Directors after the Brexit vote found that almost a quarter of firms surveyed said they planned to freeze recruitment of new staff, one third would continue hiring, and 5 percent would make cuts.
  • Weak economic data has led economist Martin Weale, a member of the Bank of England’s monetary policy committee, to change his mind and favor an immediate stimulus and possible interest rate cut, according to Financial Times.
  • Last season, England’s Premier League registered 432 European players, of whom only 23 would have qualified for work permits if free movement were removed, according to a BBC study.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com

IMPACT – MEDIUM

What is the change? New rules took effect Tuesday with respect to employers’ obligations and liabilities in checking employees’ right to work legally in the U.K.

What does the change mean? The rules now make it a criminal offense for an employer to hire an illegal worker and “knows or has reasonable cause to believe” that the individual lacks permission to work. This is an extension of the offense of “knowingly” employing such a person. Employers will no longer be protected from criminal sanctions even if they did not explicitly “know” that an individual was working illegally. The maximum sentence for the offense has also increased to five years. The Home Office has released an updated guidance for employers containing important information on how to properly conduct right-to-work checks.

  • Implementation time frame: Immediate.
  • Visas/permit affected: All documents demonstrating the right to work legally in the U.K.
  • Who is affected: AllK. employers.
  • Business impact: The grounds for prosecuting employers have been expanded to include circumstances where an employer should have reasonably known that an individual is not authorized to work. Civil penalties can reach £20,000 per illegal worker, and the new criminal offense carries a maximum term of imprisonment of six months. Wages may be seized as proceeds of a crime. In addition, the government has introduced extended powers to impose sanctions as well as close businesses that continue to employ illegal workers.
  • Next steps: Employers should review the new guidance, which lists the steps that employers can take to be statutorily excused from civil penalties. The new guidance is available here.

Background: The new rules were passed under the Immigration Act 2016 and took effect July 12.

In addition to expanding the employer offense of hiring an illegal worker, the Act creates an offense for individuals who perform any type of work without the proper work authorization.

BAL Analysis: Employers in the U.K. should be aware of the new stricter rules on illegal working offenses and review their right-to-work policies and practices to ensure that they are in full compliance. Employers may wish to contact their BAL professional with questions.  

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – MEDIUM

What is the change? A streamlined visa application called “Access UK” has launched for individuals applying in the United States for U.K. visitor visas.

What does the change mean? The system has several improvements, including a more concise form, online payment, online biometric appointment booking, translations into more languages, mobile-device compatibility, and integration with priority and super-priority services.

  • Implementation time frame: Immediate.
  • Visas/permits affected: Standard Visitor Visas, Visitor (Marriage & Civil Partnership) and Visitor (Permitted Paid Engagement) Visas.
  • Who is affected: Applicants for visitor visas applying in the U.S. and other countries where the service is available.
  • Impact on processing times: The new system will improve the overall application process but will not directly impact government processing times.
  • Business Impact: Business visitors will benefit from a more convenient process.
  • Next steps: More information is available at the Access UK website. The system will not affect applications already submitted through Visa4UK. Eventually, affected users will be redirected to Access UK.

Background: After a successful introduction in China and India, Access UK is being introduced in additional countries, including the U.S. The system has also recently been introduced to applicants in the Philippines, South Africa, Thailand and Turkey, and to visitors in the U.K. who want to extend their visas. It is expected to be available worldwide by the end of the summer.

Visitor visa applicants may use Access UK to fill out the application form, book a biometrics appointment and pay the government processing fees using standard service, priority or super-priority visa service where available. The application forms are available in several languages, including Arabic, Chinese, Russian, Thai, Turkish, Urdu and more to be added, although the form must be filled out in English.

BAL Analysis: The new online system will simplify the application process for visitors, including business travelers, allowing them to complete all necessary steps through a single portal rather than having to navigate multiple websites.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – MEDIUM

The following is a roundup of recent developments concerning Brexit negotiations and the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union.

Political

  • Home Secretary Theresa May will become the next British prime minister after a rival candidate dropped out of the race, avoiding a political campaign. David Cameron will step down on Wednesday. May had campaigned for the U.K. to stay in the EU, but said today that “Brexit means Brexit, and we’re going to make a success of it.”
  • The House of Commons voted to give approximately 3 million EU nationals living in the U.K. the right to remain. The vote is a political declaration, rather than an act of Parliament.
  • Donald Tusk, the president of the European Council, has said that formal Brexit negotiations will not begin until the U.K. invokes Article 50 of the Treaty of Lisbon, which controls withdrawal procedures.

Immigration

  • Tusk also indicated that there will be no “à la carte” access to the single EU market without the U.K. accepting all four EU freedoms, including the free movement of people.
  • The U.K. Cabinet Office, Home Office and Foreign & Commonwealth Office released a joint statement indicating that when the U.K. does leave the EU, “we fully expect that the legal status of EU nationals living in the U.K., and that of U.K. nationals in EU member states, will be properly protected.”
  • May’s stated position on the status of EU nationals in the U.K. is that it will depend on whether British citizens in the EU are similarly assured their rights to remain.
  • There has been a surge in demand for Irish passports by U.K. citizens seeking to retain EU nationality.

Legal

  • A legal challenge to the Brexit referendum has been filed claiming that withdrawal from the European Union is unconstitutional without a vote by Parliament. The law firm bringing the challenge asserts that Parliament must debate and approve a decision before the U.K. may invoke Article 50 withdrawal procedures.
  • The government has rejected a petition signed by more than 4 million individuals seeking to force a second Brexit referendum.

BAL Analysis: While the change in leadership has been accelerated, Brexit procedures have not yet formally begun. There has been no immediate change to the immigration status of EU workers in the U.K. or to British workers in the EU. BAL will continue to update clients on significant developments as Brexit negotiations proceed.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – HIGH

What is the change? British voters head to the polls Thursday to vote on whether to “Leave” or “Remain” in the European Union.

What does the change mean? If the “Leave” campaign prevails, U.K. immigration policy will change and employers that rely on U.K. nationals working in Europe and European nationals in the U.K. will need to manage expectations immediately after the vote and strategize for potential disruption in the long term.

  • Implementation time frame: If Britain exits the EU, a deal must be negotiated which is likely to take at least two years. During this transition period, the U.K. must continue to observe EU treaties and laws.
  • Who is affected: K. companies and European companies recruiting, hiring or assigning workers between Britain and the rest of Europe, and anyone using a European route to stay in the U.K. (including EU nationals and their family members) will be affected. However, all visas and permits, including sponsorship under the Points-Based System (Tier 1 high-skilled, Tier 2 skilled workers, Tier 4 students and Tier 5 temporary workers)could also be affected in the long term.
  • Business impact: Companies will need toassess their workforce to determine the level of impact on their business and review their recruitment practices to plan for affected employees beyond the two-year transition period. A “Leave” vote would likely bring new restrictions and additional processing, and businesses should plan for increased immigration costs.
  • Next steps: BAL has produced a backgrounder to explain the Brexit landscape, the four possible contingencies should Britain leave the EU, and how employers can address affected employees and strategize for long-term changes in U.K.-EU immigration policy.  

Background: The Brexit referendum is the culmination of long simmering political pressure by Eurosceptics. Immigration and the free movement of migrants, which come with EU membership, are at the heart of the debate and, as such, if Britain leaves the EU, more restrictive immigration measures will be introduced.

BAL Analysis: In the event of a “Leave” win, it is critical that employers immediately address their workforce and begin contingency planning as early as possible. Please click here to read BAL’s detailed analysis.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – MEDIUM

The British electorate will vote Thursday on whether the United Kingdom should leave the European Union. During the final countdown to the “Brexit” referendum, campaigning for both the “Leave” and “Remain” camps will intensify, but current polls show the “Leave” campaign has the majority.

Employers should anticipate that it is more likely than not that the U.K. will leave the EU and, from an immigration perspective, is unlikely to continue to be subject to European rules on free movement of people.

Political Background

The stakes in the Brexit referendum are huge, as it will define Britain’s legal relationship with its European allies, its position on the global stage, and will impact the ongoing stability of the EU. Immigration policy has been a key issue during the Brexit debate, due to the immediate refugee crisis, but also because of longer term social changes and pressures in the U.K. that many attribute to migration. The legal rights of free movement of goods, services and people that underpin the EU’s creation of a single market will most likely be lost in the U.K. if the U.K. chooses to leave the EU. Going forward, U.K. employers may not have the ability to move employees freely as assignees or to deliver specific contracts or take advantage of helpful rulings from the European Court of Justice that allow great immigration flexibility against restrictive national legal regimes. Employers should take steps to evaluate their exposure in event of Brexit, and be prepared to communicate with affected employees as any changes take place.

Who is affected?

The immigration impacts of leaving the EU will be felt on four employee populations:

  1. Current “European” employees working in U.K. (i.e., EEA nationals and their family members).
  2. Future or seasonal U.K. labor force, to the extent it would typically be supplied by “European” employees.
  3. Current British employees in European offices.
  4. British nationals who employers anticipate would work in Europe, e.g., on assignment, secondment or as part of rotation.

Next Steps 

It is essential that employers prepare for managing their response to the referendum result and devote some time to strategize how recruitment and employment practices (among other economic, legal, social and political factors) would be impacted by a “Leave” vote. BAL recommends that employers take all practical steps to prepare for the Brexit result next week, including:

  1. Assessing the extent to which their business in U.K. relies on European labor and free movement into Europe – this will be sector and role specific.
  2. Reviewing current recruitment strategiesand contingency plans for those who might not qualify in the future.
  3. Analyzing HR systemsfor the number of employees who currently:

Work in the U.K. on basis of European passport and have a long-term right to work, and so may not currently be tracked.

Work in the U.K. on an EEA Family Permit/Residence Card and have a time-limited right to work, and so should already be tracked.

Work within Europe on the basis of a British passport, but are managed from the U.K.

  1. Ensuring contact informationis up to date for any future communications with affected employees.
  2. Communicatingwith employees:

Employers can consider whether “leave” or “remain” will best serve their business and future job security for their employees, and whether it is appropriate to communicate the company’s position with employees.

Employers may want to prepare an all-office press release for either eventuality, to reassure both British and European employees. The aim should be to reduce panic and manage any transition. BAL can provide suggested text.

  1. Anticipating costsfor any future employment and migration law changes.

Additional information: BAL is running a seminar on the immigration impacts of Brexit on Monday and can provide advice on communications and strategy to minimize business and employee disruption in the event of a Brexit.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – MEDIUM

What is the change? The Saudi Arabian Embassy in London has begun imposing new prerequisites on U.K. employers applying for Commercial Visit and Work Visit Visas.

What does the change mean? All business support letters must be attested by the London Chamber of Commerce. Employers must first register with the Chamber and then obtain an attestation from it before applying for Commercial Visit and Work Visit Visas. In order to register, the employer company needs to submit a Formal Undertaking form listing all the company’s authorized signatories along with samples of their signatures. Please note: The business support letters can only be signed by those listed as signatories on the Formal Undertaking form.

  • Implementation time frame: Immediate.
  • Visas/permits affected: Commercial Visit and Work Visit Visas.
  • Who is affected: U.K. companies applying for Saudi Commercial Visit and Work Visit Visas in London.
  • Impact on processing times: The registration and the attestation can be done on the same day.
  • Next steps: Companies that are not already registered with the London Chamber of Commerce should factor in additional time to do so. All employers applying for Commercial Visit and Work Visit Visas in London must obtain the Chamber’s attestation on the employer’s letter of support. BAL can assist with both processes.

Background: The Saudi Embassy in London has instituted several changes to all applications in recent months following a change in consular staff.

BAL Analysis: U.K. employers applying for Saudi Commercial Visit and Work Visit Visas in London should factor in the additional steps and anticipate longer timelines in light of the new requirements.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – LOW

What is the change? The production of biometric residence permits (BRPs) is experiencing technical issues affecting approximately 600 permits.

What does the change mean? Some permits will be delayed because of a date transmission problem between the Home Office and the Driver Vehicle Licensing Agency. The permits are expected to be delivered to postal offices and available by early to mid-next week.

  • Implementation time frame: Immediate and ongoing.
  • Visas/permits affected: Biometric residence permits.
  • Who is affected: Foreign nationals applying for BRPs.
  • Impact on processing times: Some permits have been delayed, but they are expected to be produced and available at postal offices by next week.
  • Business impact: Employees with pending BRPs may experience delays.
  • Next steps: Affected employees whose permits are not delivered by Monday are asked to return on Wednesday or contact the Home Office. BAL can assist in the process

Background: The Post Office announced April 11 that some BRPs have been delayed due to technical issues. The Home Office confirmed that there have been delays in transmission of data through secure links between the Home Office and the Driver Vehicle Licensing Agency. Some of the requests automatically timed out after remaining in queue and had to be resubmitted. The Home Office confirmed that 600 permits (not 6,000 cited by the Post Office) were affected, but the permits are expected to be printed and distributed by next week. The underlying data transmission problem is still being investigated.

BAL Analysis: Employees with pending BRP applications should expect minor delays and plan business schedules accordingly.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – MEDIUM

What is the change? UK Visas and Immigration has published a comprehensive updated immigration policy guidance that encompasses rules for sponsors and points-based applicants.

What does the change mean? Applications submitted are now subject to the updated guidance that implements various immigration rule changes announced in the first quarter of 2016. Old versions of the guidance should be deleted and replaced by the new guidance only, which is accessible here.

  • Implementation time frame: The guidance is in effect for all applications filed April 6 and after.
  • Visas/permits affected: All points-basedcategories, including Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 4 and Tier 5.
  • Who is affected: K. companies and individuals accessing points-based visa categories.
  • Business impact: Employers face more restrictive rules for hiring non-EEA nationals.
  • Next steps: BAL will update clients on key changes in the contexts of their programs.

Key changes: The new guidance has been issued to reflect various changes across the Immigration Rules. Key changes of practical note to employers and educational sponsors include:

Students – The guidance clarifies that short-term students must “genuinely intend to study” in the U.K. and that the route can be used for students retaking modules. Other changes to Tier 4 student rules include elimination of the English language requirement for those on study-abroad modules from U.S. universities, clarification of who can work or undertake a placement while in the U.K., and an update on circumstances in which a student can change courses.

Employers – Tier 2 guidance has been updated, including the revised distribution of Restricted Certificates of Sponsorship throughout the year, as reported in March. The revised guidance clarifies that salaries may include guaranteed bonuses and allowances paid as standard to settled workers in the same role, and cost of living allowances for intra-company transfers only. The minimum salary for settlement applicants of £35,000 is now in force and will increase annually.

Other – The Tier 5 (Temporary Worker) International Agreement category includes the addition of EU agreements with Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. The new guidance contains an updated list of providers for English language tests and penalties provisions for private landlords under the Right to Rent provisions.

BAL Analysis: This guidance does not incorporate changes arising out of the Migration Advisory Committee recommendations for Tier 2 or the Immigration Minister’s March 24 statement. Those changes will be profiled by BAL as soon as legal reforms are finalized. Minimum salary levels of £20,800 for Tier 2 (General), £24,800 for short-term staff, £41,500 for long-term staff and £155,300 for high earners in force since April 2015 remain in place, but will likely change some time in the fall of 2016.

The new guidance is a reminder for employers to review compliance policies, particularly in light of enhanced requirements. While the U.K. essentially operates a “self-certifying” work permit scheme, employers can be liable for a range of penalties (fines up to £20,000 and suspension or cancellation of their license) plus loss of reputation if they do not have in place the requisite systems to meet ongoing sponsor record-keeping and reporting obligations. Employers are now required to keep on file all documents relating to sponsor license applications, all shortlisted applications that form part of a Resident Labour Market Test, and copies of employees’ qualifications including degree certificates, among other documents. BAL has prepared a compliance guide for employers, and is available to provide audits and further training on the rules and our various support tools if needed. Please contact your BAL professional for assistance.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

IMPACT – MEDIUM

What is the change? The U.K.’s visa contractor, VFS Global, is offering several new services to visa applicants in India for additional government fees.

What does the change mean? The new services include walk-in appointments for urgent travelers, “home-to-home” options such as chauffeur service, longer business hours, premium lounge and other personalized services, group appointment booking, a digital assistant, an online payment option, and a final application review.

Implementation time frame: Immediate and ongoing.

Who is affected: U.K. visa applicants in India; some services are limited to certain jurisdictions in India. The walk-in service is also available to Indian applicants applying for Irish visas.

Impact on processing times: The service options do not necessarily affect processing times but may expedite the overall process in completing the application steps.

Business impact: The additional services provide flexibility and convenience for those needing urgent service or personalized assistance.

Background: The new options are as follows. Government fees for the special services are on top of normal government visa fees.

Service Description Government fee Availability
Walk-in Applicants who need urgent service or who cannot book an appointment at their preferred time may obtain walk-in service. Also available for Irish visas. 2,548 rupees per applicant Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Cochin, Hyderabad, Jalandhar, Kolkata, Mumbai North, Mumbai South, New Delhi, Pune.
Home to Home Chauffeur service to/from visa application centers, extended business hours, premium lounge, personalized staff assistance, free return courier and photo copy service, digital assistant and “get it right” services. 9,000 rupees per applicant Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Gurgaon PL, Mumbai North, Mumbai South, New Delhi.
Group Booking Group travelers may book their visa appointments at the same location and time. 502 rupees per applicant All visa application centers.
Certification Applicants may submit color copies of supporting documents to be certified by VFS, enabling applicants to retain original documents. 50 rupees per page Please contact your BAL representative for availability.
Digital Assistant Applicants may have their answers to the visa application form transcribed verbatim into the online format. 402 rupees per applicant Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai,  Cochin, Hyderabad, Jalandhar, Kolkata, Mumbai North, Mumbai South, New Delhi, Pune.
Online Payment Applicants may pay visa fees in cash by using a VFS credit card. 1,004 rupees per applicant-transaction Hyderabad, Jalandhar, Kolkata, New Delhi.

 

“Get It Right” Applicants may have their applications reviewed for completeness by VFS staff and may email missing documents within seven days after their appointment. 300 rupees per applicant All visa application centers.

BAL Analysis: The U.K. is expanding optional services to applicants in India that have proven popular in other countries. Applicants are reminded that use of these optional additional services does not guarantee a successful visa decision.

This alert has been provided by the BAL Global Practice group in the United Kingdom. For additional information, please contact uk@bal.com.

Copyright © 2016 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.