U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has reinstated its pre-2017 policy of presuming the position of computer programmer to be a specialty occupation.

Key Points:

  • In 2017, USCIS issued a policy memorandum reversing a long-standing policy that presumed the role of computer programmer to be a specialty occupation.
  • On Wednesday, USCIS rescinded the 2017 memorandum, reinstating the previous policy. Effective immediately, USCIS officers are instructed not to apply the 2017 memorandum to any pending or new H-1B petitions, including motions on and appeals of revocations and denials of H-1B classification.
  • The agency is expected to issue further guidance.

Additional Information: In rescinding the 2017 memo, USCIS cited a Dec. 16, 2020, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruling in which the court overturned USCIS’s denial of an H-1B visa petition, noting that USCIS’s denial followed the logic of the 2017 memo. USCIS said Wednesday it is rescinding the 2017 memo in “order to ensure consistent adjudications across the H-1B program.”

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced today that it is delaying a Trump administration H-1B wage prioritization rule until the end of the year. The agency posted a pre-publication copy of the final rule today.

Key Points:

  • The rule is scheduled to be published in the Federal Register on Feb. 8 and will delay the effective date of the H-1B wage prioritization regulation until Dec. 31. DHS will accept public comments on the rule for 30 days after publication.
  • The Trump administration’s rule to replace the H-1B lottery with a new selection process based on wage levels was scheduled to take effect March 9. In delaying the rule, DHS determined it would “not have adequate time to complete system development, thoroughly test the modifications, train staff, and conduct public outreach needed to ensure an effective and orderly implementation.”
  • This notice confirms that the new wage-based H-1B allocation process will not be in place for the upcoming H-1B cap process.
  • During the delay, the agency will evaluate the rule and policies associated with it.

BAL Analysis: This announcement confirms that for the upcoming H-1B cap season, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) will follow the same process as last year (random selection) to any registration period that takes place before Dec. 31 and employers will not be required to provide a wage level on their H-1B registrations. In the coming days, USCIS will release additional details on the upcoming H-1B cap process, including dates the electronic registration process will open.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

President Joe Biden signed an executive order Tuesday that sets a new tone toward immigrants and directs agencies to review existing immigration regulations, guidance and policies to reduce barriers to legal immigration routes, including an immediate review of the public charge rule.

Key Provisions:

  • Restoring Legal Immigration. The Executive Order on Restoring Faith in Our Legal Immigration Systems and Strengthening Integration and Inclusion Efforts for New Americans directs the State Department, Attorney General and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to:
    • Review existing regulations, orders, guidance, policies and other agency actions; identify agency actions that impede access to legal immigration, including the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services fee regulation; and recommend steps to revise or rescind agency actions.
    • Submit plans to the president within 90 days describing steps each agency will take to reduce barriers to legal immigration and submit a progress report 180 days thereafter.
  • Public Charge Rule. The State Department, Justice Department and DHS are directed to conduct an immediate review of all agency actions related to implementation of the Trump administration’s public charge regulation and to:
    • Evaluate their current effects and implications of their continued implementation.
    • Identify actions to address concerns about their effect on the integrity of the immigration system and public health.
    • Recommend steps the agencies should take to communicate public charge policies to reduce fear and confusion.
    • Submit reports to the president within 60 days, describing agency actions and plans.
  • Naturalization. The relevant agencies are ordered to submit plans within 60 days to eliminate barriers to naturalization, improve the process, and to:
    • Reduce processing times and fees, restore fee waivers, and review denaturalization and passport revocation policies.
    • Submit progress reports within 180 days.
    • Establish an Interagency Working Group on Promoting Naturalization.
  • Task Force for New Americans. The White House Domestic Policy Council will create a new task force to coordinate the federal government’s efforts to welcome and support immigrants, including refugees, and promote integration and inclusion efforts for new Americans.
  • Immediately Revoke “Enforcing Legal Responsibilities of Sponsors of Aliens” memo. The Biden order revokes a May 23, 2019, Trump memorandum that directed agencies to update procedures and guidance to strictly enforce a requirement that sponsors reimburse the government for any federal means-tested benefits received by the immigrant they are sponsoring.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

 

 

 

 

For many U.S. immigrants, achieving lawful permanent residence, commonly known as a “green card,” is a momentous milestone and the final step in their immigration journey.

Some employers assume that these employees are exempt from travel and entry restrictions once they have a valid green card. After all, employers no longer need to file extension petitions or renew visa stamps for these employees. The false perception that green-card holders enjoy unrestricted entry into the U.S. may also have been reinforced by the fact that green-card holders are exempt from many of the recent COVID-19 travel bans.

However, as we near the one-year mark since COVID-19 shuttered borders around the world, employers should revisit the often-forgotten restrictions on green-card holders who remain outside the U.S. for over one year.

Generally, when green-card holders enter the U.S., an immigration officer will determine their intent to reside in the U.S. and confirm the validity of their green card and reentry permit. Green-card holders can document their intent to reside in the U.S. through evidence of close ties in the U.S., such as maintaining a principal U.S. residence, paying taxes, holding a job in the U.S., having bank accounts or owning property in the U.S. Additionally, immigration officers will consider both the length and frequency of trips as factors in deciding if the employee intends to reside in the U.S.

Trips lasting less than a year. Some green-card holders assume that frequent trips abroad for less than six months do not present any red flags. This is not accurate. Immigration officers have the authority and discretion to question a green-card holder’s intent, regardless of the length or frequency of a trip. Additionally, green-card holders will likely experience more scrutiny at the port of entry when the length of the trip is over six months. Although COVID-19 may provide a reasonable explanation for lengthy trips, green-card holders should be prepared for additional questions upon return. All green-card holders must present their unexpired green cards as a valid entry document.

Trips lasting more than one year. Employers and employees should focus on longer absences as the pandemic enters its second year. Green-card holders who leave the U.S. for longer than one year face detrimental consequences: Not only are they presumed to have abandoned their permanent-residence status, the green card becomes invalid for reentry into the U.S. In this scenario, they must apply for and obtain a “returning resident” (SB-1) immigrant visa at the U.S. embassy or consulate, showing that they departed the U.S. with the intent to return and that the extended stay abroad was for reasons beyond their control.

While green-card holders may technically travel directly to the U.S. without applying for a returning-resident visa, this approach is much riskier because the decision to admit the employee is left to the discretion of the immigration officer at the port of entry, both to waive the requirement that the employee show valid documents and to confirm that he or she did not intend to abandon permanent residence status.

Generally, the longer the trip, the more challenging the reentry. If feasible, obtaining a reentry permit before departing the U.S. can help prevent issues. For employees who have been stranded abroad during COVID-19, employers should review entry restrictions for green-card holders and take steps now to avoid unnecessary obstacles for returning employees and to ease their transition back to the U.S.

This article was originally published in the Washington Business Journal.

The information contained here is meant to be informational, and while BAL has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information, it is not promised or guaranteed to be complete. Readers of this information should not act upon any information contained on this alert/blog without seeking professional counsel. This alert does not constitute legal advice or create an attorney-client relationship. Any reference to prior results, does not imply or guarantee similar future outcomes.

The U.S. Senate voted 57-43 Tuesday to confirm Alejandro Mayorkas, President Joe Biden’s pick to head the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

Mayorkas, 61, is the first immigrant and first Latino to lead the agency. Born in Cuba, he came to the U.S. when his parents fled the Cuban Revolution in 1960. He grew up in Southern California, earning his undergraduate degree from University of California, Berkeley, and his law degree from Loyola Law School in Los Angeles.

Mayorkas served as the director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and as deputy secretary of DHS in the Obama administration. As USCIS director, he developed the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. As deputy DHS secretary, Mayorkas oversaw the agency’s response to the Zika and Ebola outbreaks. He also implemented the first memorandum of understanding between the U.S. and Cuba. In addition to agency experience, he practiced law as a federal prosecutor in the Clinton administration and as a partner with WilmerHale in Washington, D.C., since 2016.

BAL Analysis: BAL is closely following the Biden administration’s immigration actions and will update clients as new initiatives are expected to be released in coming days.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) announced today it has extended Form I-9 flexible procedures for employers operating remotely due to COVID-19 for an additional 60 days.

Key Points:

  • The temporary measures, which were set to expire Jan. 31, have now been extended until March 31, 2021.
  • The guidance allows employers who are operating remotely because of COVID-19 to conduct verification of employee documents virtually, e.g., using fax, email or video link, for the purpose of Form I-9 employment eligibility verification procedures.
  • Employers that follow the virtual procedures must comply with guidelines when “normal operations resume,” including conducting physical inspection of documents that were viewed remotely within three business days.
  • Employers should consult the original March 2020 ICE guidance for eligibility requirements and how to obtain, remotely inspect and retain copies of identity and employment eligibility documents.
  • Employers are required to monitor the DHS and ICE websites for additional updates regarding when the extensions will be terminated, and normal operations will resume.

Background: The temporary measures were introduced on March 20, 2020, and have repeatedly been extended since.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s (ICE) Student and Exchange Visitor Program announced Tuesday that it will not be creating a new Optional Practical Training (OPT) Employment Compliance Unit as previously announced less than two weeks ago.

Key Points:

  • The unit was supposed to be dedicated to investigating, referring and reporting employer and student violations of OPT programs.
  • On Tuesday, ICE said that it had conducted additional reviews of its compliance efforts and determined that it is already performing much of the proposed work of the new unit. “As such, the creation of a new unit is not necessary at this time,” the announcement said.
  • Less than a week into the new administration’s term, President Joe Biden has reversed a number of Trump immigration policies and put a freeze on regulations in the pipeline. Additional immigration actions are expected this Friday on what the Biden administration is calling “Immigration Day.”

Additional Information: Employers and schools should nevertheless continue to make sure they are in compliance with rules and obligations under Optional Practical Training, Curricular Practical Training and the STEM-OPT extension programs.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

The U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear a case involving Temporary Protected Status (TPS) holders’ eligibility for lawful permanent residence.

Key Points:

  • The Supreme Court will decide whether TPS holders are eligible to apply for green cards without having to leave the U.S.
  • The case involves a national of El Salvador who was granted TPS when the designation was made in 2001 following a pair of earthquakes. His employer later sponsored his green card application. In 2015, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) denied the application asserting that he did not fulfil the requirement of having been “inspected and admitted” because he originally entered the U.S. without authorization. A U.S. District Court found that the government’s grant of TPS amounted to his being “admitted,” but the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit reversed.
  • Federal appeals courts are split over the issue. The Third and Eleventh Circuits have ruled TPS holders who entered without inspection are ineligible to adjust status to lawful permanent resident, while the Sixth and Ninth Circuits have ruled that they are eligible.

Additional Information: The case is Sanchez v. Wolf, No. 20-315, U.S. Supreme Court.

BAL Analysis: BAL is following developments in the case, including how the Department of Homeland Security will defend it in the Biden administration. BAL will provide updates on significant developments as the case progresses.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

 

A message issued by the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) on Jan. 4 reminded educational institutions of their compliance obligations regarding foreign students participating in Optional Practical Training (OPT). The message also warned that “a significant number of SEVIS records have not been properly maintained,” leading to recent enforcement actions.

Key Points:

  • Designated School Officials (DSOs) must keep SEVIS records up to date for all students during their entire OPT period, including any changes to personal or employment status.
  • Foreign students in OPT programs after completing their degrees are allowed 90 days of unemployment, or 150 days if in a 24-month OPT-STEM extension program.
  • Students who fail to report employment changes could be in a violation of their nonimmigrant status and potentially subject to deportation, and schools that fail to update SEVIS records could be subject to suspension or termination of their certification by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program.

Additional Information: The notice is another indication that Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is focused on enforcement of OPT programs. The agency announced on Jan. 15 it is creating a full-time OPT Employment Compliance Unit dedicated to monitoring and investigating employer and student compliance with OPT programs.

BAL Analysis: DSOs should ensure that they are in compliance with record-keeping and SEVIS update requirements for all students participating in OPT programs.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.

President Joe Biden issued a proclamation Monday reinstating restrictions on travel from most European countries and Brazil and imposing new restrictions on travel from South Africa. The U.S. is also poised to implement a new COVID-19 testing requirement on international air travelers.

Key Points:

  • Entry to the U.S. will continue to be barred to most foreign nationals who have been in Brazil, Ireland, the United Kingdom or any of the 26 Schengen Area countries in the 14 days before attempting entry.
  • Beginning Saturday, Jan. 30, entry will be barred to most foreign nationals who have been in South Africa in the 14 days before attempting entry.
  • Beginning Tuesday, Jan. 26, the U.S. will require individuals traveling to the country by air, including U.S. nationals and lawful permanent residents, to test negative for the COVID-19 virus. Information on this requirement is available here.

Additional Information: The Trump administration moved to lift the “physical presence” bans on Brazil, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the Schengen Area days before President Trump left office. Biden’s incoming White House spokesperson immediately indicated the new administration would not lift the bans. Today’s proclamation formally extends the restrictions. In addition to the countries listed above, physical presence bans remain in place for China and Iran. U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, spouses and children of U.S. citizens and a limited number of others are exempt from the bans. The bans will remain in place until the White House lifts them.

This alert has been provided by the BAL U.S. Practice group. For additional information, please contact berryapplemanleiden@bal.com.

Copyright © 2021 Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. All rights reserved. Reprinting or digital redistribution to the public is permitted only with the express written permission of Berry Appleman & Leiden LLP. For inquiries please contact copyright@bal.com.